Pisanite - Encyclopedia

    Class : Sulfates, chromates, molybdates
    Subclass : Hydrated sulfates
    Crystal system : Monoclinic
    Chemistry : FeSO4 7H2O
    Rarity : Common


Pisanite is the copper-bearing (up to 19% CuO) variety of melanterite, a hydrated iron sulfate that forms by weathering pyrite or marcasite under very acidic pH conditions. It is a very fragile secondary mineral, difficult to preserve outside the acidic humidity of the mine galleries where it was born, due to its great solubility and its ability to dehydrate in a dry atmosphere. It was named in honor of the French chemist Félix Pisani. Pisanite most often forms fibers, sometimes capillary, assembled into mats, encrustations or efflorescences. The concretions or stalactites, as well as the rare isometric or short prismatic crystals display a magnificent greenish blue color, passing to clear blue and sometimes purplish blue for the terms richest in copper.

Main photo : Pisanite des Malines, St-Laurent-le-Minier, Gard, France © Pascal Chollet

Pisanite in the World

The necessary presence of copper explains why pisanite is best known in polymetallic deposits rich in this metal. Melanterite stalagmites several meters high and sometimes metric in diameter, and exceptional crystals (metric plates of crystals individually reaching up to 6 cm across) were formed in the underground mining chambers of Rio Tinto (Spain) since mining work stopped. Pisanite accompanies metric stalagtites of melanterite, as well as other complex sulfates of iron and copper (voltaite, coquimbite, copiapite...). The mining chambers of the neighboring La Zarca mine provided specimens of close quality. Pisanite is also known from the immense copper deposit of Quetena (Chuquicamata, Chile) and in the working galleries of the polymetallic mine of Rammelsberg (Germany).

Pisanite in France

In France, pisanite is known in Chessy (Rhône) and Malines (Gard).

Twinning

No twin known for this mineral species.

Fakes and treatments

No fakes recorded for this mineral species.



Hardness : 2
Density : 1.89
Fracture : Conchoidal
Streak : White


TP : Translucent to opaque
RI : 1.470 to 1.486
Birefringence : 0.016
Optical character : Biaxial +
Pleochroism : None
Fluorescence : None


Solubility : Water

Magnetism : NoneRadioactivity : None

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